Paint Coating Defects That Do Not Affect Durability
Runs on Paint Coating
Description – Thickening of the coating on the painted surface caused by paint material flowing down and remaining after drying.
Causes:
- Excessively thick layer of paint material
- Low viscosity of paint material
- High application pressure or too close spraying distance
- Improper application conditions (low temperature, high humidity)
- Insufficient intercoat flash time
Overspray on Paint Coating
Description – Small dry paint droplets left on the surface (not integrated into the main coating film).
Causes:
- Paint dries too quickly, possibly due to fast hardeners and solvents
- Poor ventilation and high temperature in the paint booth
- Errors in application technique (especially critical for large surfaces)
Orange Peel on Paint Coating
Description – The coating has a pronounced texture resembling an orange peel.
Causes:
- Excessively thick layer of paint material
- High viscosity of paint material
- Incorrect application technique
- Improper application conditions
- Orange peel already present on the substrate
- Insufficient intercoat flash time
Sanding Marks on Paint Coating
Description – Scratches from abrasive sanding visible on the finish coat.
Causes:
- Incorrect choice of abrasive grit
- Abrasive grain size does not match manufacturer’s specification
- Too thin finish coat
- Poor curing of the sanded material (e.g., primer)
Water Spots on Paint Coating
Description – Contours with raised edges or whitish spots repeating the shape of droplets, visible on the finish coat.
Causes:
- Evaporation of water droplets on freshly painted and uncured coating
- Improper curing
- Incorrect solvent
Visible Repair Boundary on Paint Coating
Description – Raised or recessed transition zone, disrupting visual characteristics.
Causes:
- Errors in sanding
- Thin layer or low viscosity of paint material
- Previous layer poorly dried
- Finish coat applied over filler or bare metal
Color Mismatch on Paint Coating
Description – Visual difference in color or shade of the coating.
Causes:
- Different coating thickness or varying application pressure
- Solvent in the top layer interacts with pigments of the previous layer, causing color bleed
- Different paint material composition
- Metamerism – visual effect where colors that look identical under one light source change significantly under another
Loss of Gloss on Paint Coating
Description – Visual difference in color and gloss of the coating.
Causes:
- Improper application or drying conditions
- Poor mixing of paint material or errors in adding hardener and solvent
- Environmental exposure during service
- Errors during polishing
- Improper storage conditions of paint material
Important to Know When Fixing Paint Coating Defects
- It is always easier to prevent defects than to fix them.
- Coatings with defects affecting durability must be removed.
- Repaired coatings are usually inferior to original painting.
- Two-component paints are easier to repair.
- Do not use solvent for degreasing.
- Do not violate the technology.
- Take precautions if unsure about the result.
- Enamel does not correct substrate or surface preparation defects.
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